Cold Weather Safety for Ranch Operations

While Texas winters are generally mild, sudden cold fronts and occasional ice storms can create dangerous conditions for ranchers and livestock. Being prepared for winter weather is essential.

Cold-Related Health Hazards

Hypothermia

• Uncontrollable shivering (stops in severe cases)
• Slurred speech and confusion
• Drowsiness and loss of coordination
• Slow, shallow breathing

Frostbite

• Affects exposed skin, especially fingers, toes, nose, and ears
• Skin becomes pale, hard, and numb
• Can cause permanent tissue damage

Cold Stress

• Reduced manual dexterity
• Impaired judgment and reaction time
• Increased risk of accidents with equipment

Protecting Yourself

Clothing Strategies

• Layer clothing: moisture-wicking base, insulating middle, wind-blocking outer
• Keep extra dry clothes in your vehicle
• Protect extremities with insulated gloves, warm socks, and ear protection
• Avoid cotton next to skin - it holds moisture and accelerates heat loss

Work Practices

• Take frequent warming breaks in heated areas
• Work in pairs when possible during extreme cold
• Stay dry - wet clothing loses its insulating value rapidly
• Consume warm fluids and high-calorie foods
• Limit time outdoors during wind chills below 20°F

Vehicle Safety

• Keep your vehicle at least half full of fuel
• Carry emergency supplies: blankets, water, food, flashlight, phone charger
• Check tire condition and battery strength before winter
• Never leave the vehicle running in an enclosed space

Livestock Cold Weather Care

Water Access

• Check water tanks multiple times daily for ice
• Use tank heaters or deicers in stock tanks
• Ensure heaters are properly grounded to prevent stray voltage
• Have backup heating methods available

Shelter and Windbreaks

• Provide wind protection for all livestock
• Ensure shelters have dry bedding and adequate space
• Check for drafts and repair gaps in buildings
• Remember that wet animals lose body heat rapidly

Nutrition

• Increase hay rations during cold weather
• Animals burn more calories to maintain body temperature
• Ensure adequate access to mineral supplements
• Monitor body condition scores weekly during cold snaps

Ice Storm Preparation

Ice storms can be particularly dangerous on Texas ranches:

• Keep chainsaws ready for clearing downed limbs
• Have backup power for critical systems
• Stock extra feed accessible without power equipment
• Check and maintain generators before winter
• Keep salt or sand for treating icy walkways

Emergency Response

For hypothermia:

• Call 911 for severe cases
• Move person to warm, dry location
• Remove wet clothing
• Warm gradually - start with core, not extremities
• Do not rub frozen skin or apply direct heat
• Give warm, sweet beverages if conscious

For frostbite:

• Get to a warm environment
• Do not rub the affected area
• Immerse in warm (not hot) water
• Seek medical attention for severe cases